The question “What is the World's oldest building erected?” will surely be answered as “The Kaba.” No place upon earth is visited as much as the Kaba. In this respect, Mecca and the Kaba have become a center, which plays a role of uniting and gathering people by lifting political boundaries. And again with no religious place upon earth are people in contact for 24 hours a day except the Kaba.
“Behold, the first House (of Prayer) established for humankind is the one at Bake (Mecca), a blessed place and a (center or focus of) guidance for all peoples. In it there are clear signs (demonstrating that it is a blessed sanctuary, chosen by God as the center of guidance), and the Station of Abraham. Whoever enters it is in security (against attack and fear).” (Al-'Imran Surah, 3:96-97)
The Kaba Muslims head towards is the center of the Old World (Europe, Asia and Africa). It is nearly of the same distance from these three continents. It has strategic importance and it is situated on the focus of transportation.
If you take a map and draw a line from North America to Australia, from Northeast Asia to South America, you will see Mecca, therefore the Kaba, at the junction where these lines meet; i.e. at the center. When you make these drawings, you should begin from the furthest points of the continents.
Is Mecca, the center of the continents, also the center of the world? Geographers symbolically divided the earth into small squares with lines called latitudes and longitudes in order to find easily, practically, and correctly show any point on earth. However, the beginnings of these lines are determined theoretically, i.e. arbitrarily. There exist no certain scientific facts. For example, the line of longitude that is presumed to pass from Greenwich, England is taken as '0' (zero). It is a known fact that the earth has a rounded shape, with a slight flat at the poles and bulge around the equator. The longest latitude that crosses the equatorial bulge is called the latitude zero. And it is considered that it divides the world into two theoretically.
The poles are the two ends of an axis that crosses from the exact center of the circle of the Equator. However, the reality is not so. This is just an assumption. The world has real north and south poles. We know that the earth rotates on liquid-iron-nickel like a dynamo and that in the course of this rotation it produces an electromagnetic area and electricity just like a dynamo. This magnetic power forms the magnetic protective layer called magnetosphere, which constitutes the outer layer of the atmosphere coming out of the north and south poles. For this reason, compasses in the North Hemisphere always show the North Pole.
Why are the poles shown by the latitudes and longitudes and the magnetic poles shown by the compass bear a distance of 27'? We know that the earth has an inclination of 23º ecliptically. If the head of the world was not inclined that way, we would live just one season, for example always summer or winter. Days shorten and lengthen according to this inclination. This inclination changes the place of the poles. While drawing the latitudes and longitudes, if we take into attention this inclination of the earth, i.e. the real north and south poles that the compasses always show, there would emerge a new equator. Then this time, the Equator, which is the biggest latitude with the zero degree, will cross just the middle of Mecca with its new condition. And this shows that the Kaaba is at the center of the world.
On the other hand, the Tropic of Capricorn and the Tropic of Cancer drawn in this way cross the block where Mecca is situated. The longitude drawn in this sense divides the tropics and the Equator again in the same block, uniting the two poles. The junction is again Mecca. That these latitudes and the longitudes intersect in Mecca bears the point that the place of the Kaba was exclusively determined and the mystery why people head towards there. It is thus understood that the Kaba is the center of the world in the present condition of the continents and it was so when the continents were just one body.
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